日常生活中大家一定見(jiàn)過(guò)各式各樣的英文縮略詞,諸如:ATM/EMS/GPS/VIP等。觀(guān)看綜藝節目時(shí)很可能見(jiàn)過(guò)VCR情節,美劇愛(ài)好者則必定見(jiàn)過(guò)FBI/CIA等詞,港劇中則會(huì )時(shí)不時(shí)出現ICAC。
這些都屬于英語(yǔ)中的縮略詞用法,其作用在于實(shí)現語(yǔ)言表達的簡(jiǎn)潔性。老師為此匯總整理了最常見(jiàn)的英文縮略詞以及英文句子表達中常見(jiàn)縮寫(xiě)用法,拿出你的筆記本開(kāi)始學(xué)習吧……
英文縮略詞
1
電子科技類(lèi)
IT:信息技術(shù)(Information Technology)
PC:個(gè)人電腦(Personal Computer)
APP:應用程序(Application)
CPU:中央處理器(Central Processing Unit)
www:環(huán)球信息網(wǎng)/萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)(World Wide Web)
WiFi:無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò )/無(wú)線(xiàn)保真技術(shù)(Wireless Fidelity)
CD:光盤(pán)/激光唱片(Compact Disk)
DJ:音樂(lè )節目主持人(Disc Jockey)
TEL:電話(huà)機(Telephone)
VCD:錄像光盤(pán)(Video Compact Disk)
DVD:數字錄像光盤(pán)(Digital Video Disk)
VCR:盒式磁帶錄像(Video Cassette Recorder)
MV:音樂(lè )短片(Music Video)
KTV:卡拉OK(Karaok TV)
TV:電視(TeleVision)
GPS:全球定位系統(Global Positioning System)
ETC:不停車(chē)收費系統(Electronic Toll Collection)
ABS:防鎖死剎車(chē)系統(Antilock Brake System)
SUV:運動(dòng)型多用途轎車(chē)(Sport Utility Vehicle)
BRT:快速公交系統(Bus Rapid Transit)
LRT:輕軌公交系統(Light Rail Transit)
ATM:自動(dòng)取款機(Automatic Teller Machine)
2
國家/地區及國際組織類(lèi)
PRC:中華人民共和國(The Peoples Republic of China)
HK:香港(Hong Kong)
JP:日本(Japan)
KR:韓國(Korea)
UK:英國(United Kingdom)
US:美國(United States)
USA:美國(United States of America)
RUS:俄羅斯(Russia)
SGP:新加坡(Singapore)
EU:歐洲聯(lián)盟/歐盟(European Union)
UN:聯(lián)合國(United Nations)
WTO:世界貿易組織(World Trade Organization)
WHO:世界衛生組織(World Health Organization)
CIA:美國中央情報局(Central Intelligence Agency)
FBI:美國聯(lián)邦調查局(Federal Bureau of investigation)
FDA:食品藥品監督管理局(Food and Drug Administration)
ICAC:廉政公署(Independent Commission Against Corruption)
OPEC:石油輸出國組織/歐佩克(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)
3
機構/公司和協(xié)會(huì )類(lèi)
EMS:郵政特快專(zhuān)遞(Express Mail Service)
PLA:中國人民解放軍(Peoples Liberation Army)
CCTV:中國中央電視臺(China Central Television)
CBA:中國籃球協(xié)會(huì )(Chinese Basketball Association)
NBA:美國籃球協(xié)會(huì )(National Basketball Association)
BBC:英國廣播公司(British Broad-casting Corporation)
VOA:美國之音(Voice of America)
IOC:國際奧委會(huì )(International Olympic Committee)
ISBN:國際標準書(shū)號(International Standard Book Number)
4
其他常見(jiàn)雜類(lèi)縮寫(xiě)
Ad:廣告(Advertisement)
Add:地址(Address)
BBQ:燒烤(Barbecue)
DIY:自己動(dòng)手/自助服務(wù)(Do it Yourself)
ET:外星人(Extra Terrestrial)
ID:身份證(Identification Card)
IQ:智商(Intelligence Quotient)
EQ:情商(Emotional Quotient)
PE:體育(Physical Education)
No.:號碼/編號(Number)
KFC:肯德基(Kentucky Fried Chicken)
DNA:遺傳基因組織(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
GMT:格林威治時(shí)間或國際標準時(shí)間(Greenwich Mean Time)
GDP:國內生產(chǎn)總值(Gross Domestic Product)
OMG:我的上帝/我的天哪(Oh My God)
SOS:求救信號(Save Our Soul)
UFO:不明飛行物(Unknown Flying Object)
VIP:重要人物/貴賓(Very Important Person)
WC:廁所(Water Closet)
Mr.:先生(Mister)
Ms.:女士(Mrs. or Miss)
Mrs.:夫人/太太(Mistress)
AD:公元(Anno Domini)
BC:公元前(Before Christ)
AM:上午(Ante Meridiem)(before noon)
PM:下午(Post Meridiem)(afternoon)
CEO:首席執行官(Chief Executive Officer)
CFO:首席財務(wù)官 (Chief Finance Officer)
COO:首席運營(yíng)官(Chief Operating Officer)
CTO:首席技術(shù)官 (Chief Technology Officer)
PhD:博士(Philosophy Doctor)
MBA:工商管理碩士(Master of Business Administration)
MPA:公共管理碩士(Master of Public Administration)
5
國內銀行縮寫(xiě)
中國人民銀行:PBC(The Peoples Bank of China)
中國建設銀行:CCB(China Construction Bank)
中國農業(yè)銀行:ABC(Agriculture Bank of China)
中國工商銀行:ICBC(Industrial & Commercial Bank of China)
中國銀行:BOC(Bank of China)
交通銀行:BCM(Bank of Communications)
招商銀行:CMB(China Merchants Bank)
6
星期/月份縮寫(xiě)
星期一:Mon.(Monday)
星期二:Tues.(Tuesday)
星期三:Wed.(Wednesday)
星期四:Thur.(Thursday)
星期五:Fri.(Friday)
星期六:Sat.(Saturday)
星期天:Sun.(Sunday)
一月:Jan.(January)
二月:Feb.(February)
三月:Mar.(March)
四月:Apr.(April)
五月:無(wú)簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)(May)
六月:Jun.(June)
七月:Jul.(July)
八月:Aug.(August)
九月:Sep.(September)
十月:Oct.(October)
十一月:Nov.(November)
十二月:Dec.(December)
7
計量單位縮寫(xiě)
克 G(Gram)
公斤 KG(Kilogram)
公噸 MT(Metric Ton)
米 M(Metre)
厘米 CM(Centimetre)
毫米 MM(Milimetre)
公里 KM(Kilometre)
碼 Yd.(Yard)
英尺 Ft.(Foot)
英寸 In.(Inch)
升 L(Litre)
毫升 ML(Millilitre)
加侖 Gal(Gallon)
千瓦 KW(Kilowatt)
馬力 HP(Horse Power)
平方米 Sq.m(Square metre)
立方米 Cu.m(Cubic metre)
小時(shí) Hr.(Hour); 分 Min.(Minute); 秒 Sec.(Second)
英文句子表達常見(jiàn)縮寫(xiě)
1
not相關(guān)的否定縮寫(xiě)
通常在原詞后加n’t,若原詞以n結尾,直接加’t。
1、系動(dòng)詞 + not:
isn’t = is not;wasn’t = was not
aren’t = are not;weren’t = were not
注意:am not一般不縮寫(xiě)。
2、助動(dòng)詞 + not:
don’t = do not;doesn’t = does not
didn’t = did not;haven’t = have not
hasn’t = has not;hadn’t = had not
3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not:
can’t = can not;couldn’t = could not
won’t = will not;wouldn’t = would not
shouldn’t = should not
◆例句
1、Tom isn’t my brother. = Tom is not my brother.(湯姆不是我的弟弟。)
2、He didn’t come back. = He did not come back.(他沒(méi)有回來(lái)。)
3、She can’t finish the work alone. = She can not finish the work alone. (她無(wú)法獨自完成工作。)
2
人稱(chēng)代詞+系動(dòng)詞的縮寫(xiě)
am縮寫(xiě)成’m,are縮寫(xiě)成’re,is縮寫(xiě)成’s。
I’m = I am;he’s = he is;she’s = she is
you’re = you are;we’re = we are
they’re = they are;there’re = there are
there’s = there is;that’s = that is;it’s = it is
注意:this is一般不縮寫(xiě)。
◆例句
1、I’m a teacher. = I am a teacher.(我是老師。)
2、They’re my friends. = They are my friends.(他們是我的朋友。)
3、There’s a book in my bag. = There is a book in my bag.(我包里有一本書(shū)。)
3
疑問(wèn)詞+系動(dòng)詞的縮寫(xiě)
Who’s = Who is;Who’re = Who are
How’s = How is;How’re = How are
When’s = When is;When’re = When are
What’s = What is;What’re = What are
Where’s = Where is;Where’re = Where are
◆例句
1、Hows your family? = How is your family?(你的家人都好嗎?)
2、What’s the matter? = What is the matter?(你怎么了?)
3、Where’re you going? = Where are you going?(你要去哪?)
4
助動(dòng)詞的相關(guān)縮寫(xiě)
have縮寫(xiě)成’ve,has縮寫(xiě)成’s,had縮寫(xiě)成’d。
Ive = I have;Youve = You have;
Hes = He has;Shes = She has;Its = It has
Weve = We have;Theyve = They have
I’d = I had;you’d = you had;Hed = He had;Shed = She had
Itd = It had;Wed = We had;Theyd = They had
◆例句
1、I’ve got a job. = I have got a job.(我找到了一份工作。)
2、Weve been married for one year. = We have been married for one year.(我們結婚一年了。)
3、Hed never learned to read. = He had never learned to read.(他一直沒(méi)有學(xué)會(huì )閱讀。)
5
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的相關(guān)縮寫(xiě)
will縮寫(xiě)成’ll,would縮寫(xiě)成’d。
I’ll = I will;you’ll = you will
she’ll = she will;he’ll = he will
we’ll = we will;they’ll = they will
I’d = I would;you’d = you would
she’d = she would;he’d = he would
we’d = we would;they’d = they would
◆例句
1、I’ll see you tomorrow. = I will see you tomorrow.(明天見(jiàn)。)
2、Hell study harder. = He will study harder.(他將更加努力學(xué)習。)
3、They’d like to come with us. = They would like to come with us.(他們想和我們一起去。)
6
其他縮寫(xiě)
1、Let’s ...=Let us ...
2、My name’s ...=My name is ...
◆例句
1、Lets go to the cinema together.=Let us go to the cinema together.(我們一起去看電影。)
2、My name’s Gina.=My name is Gina.(我的名字叫吉娜。)
聲明:本文來(lái)自初中英語(yǔ),若涉及版權問(wèn)題,請盡快聯(lián)系刪除,謝謝!